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cosmic

δαίμων

daimon

Divine power, spirit — the unnamed force that acts upon mortals

Etymology

From daiomai ("to divide, to allot"). Unlike the named Olympians, a daimon is a divine force experienced without identification — the uncanny power that pushes a man toward his fate. Socrates' daimonion is the interior voice that checks but never commands.

Why daimon matters

The daimon names the divine when it acts without showing its face. E.R. Dodds, in The Greeks and the Irrational, argues that the Homeric daimon is precisely the unnamed: where a god acts with full identity and will, the daimon is undifferentiated divine pressure — fortune, sudden impulse, or doom arriving without attribution. Walter Burkert's Greek Religion situates this carefully: the daimon is an intermediary concept, neither the Olympian personality nor mere fate, persisting because human experience consistently produces events that feel authored but have no visible author. Depth psychology inherits this directly: Jung's Philemon in Memories, Dreams, Reflections is a daimon by another name, and James Hillman in The Soul's Code reclaims the Greek term, the daimon being the image each soul carries that calls it toward its own form.

daimon in the corpus

293 instances
263 passages
60% in direct speech

Grammatical voice

When daimon appears in the middle voice, the subject acts upon or for itself — the grammatical home of interiority.

10 middle
2 passive

Which characters in Homer use daimon most?

Related terms

Distribution by work

The Odyssey
34
The Iliad
27
Republic
27
Discourses
16
Meditations
15
Nicomachean Ethics
14
Matthew
13
Luke
13
Gorgias
13
Mark
11
Symposium
9
Olympian Odes
7
Pythian Odes
7
Phaedrus
6
Phaedo
5
Apology
5
Rhetoric
5
John
4
Timaeus
4
Revelation
3
Hymn to Hermes
3
Isthmian Odes
3
Theogony
2
Works and Days
2
Hymn to Demeter
2
Hymn 7: To Dionysus
2
Nemean Odes
2
Meno
2
Acts
1
1 Corinthians
1
1 Timothy
1
James
1
Shield of Heracles
1
Hymn to Apollo
1
Hymn 19: To Pan
1

Key passages

Showing 30 of 263 passages containing δαίμων.

The Iliad 1.561–567 Zeus

δαιμονίη αἰεὶ μὲν ὀΐεαι οὐδέ σε λήθω· πρῆξαι δʼ ἔμπης οὔ τι δυνήσεαι, ἀλλʼ ἀπὸ θυμοῦ μᾶλλον ἐμοὶ ἔσεαι· τὸ δέ τοι καὶ ῥίγιον ἔσται. εἰ δʼ οὕτω τοῦτʼ ἐστὶν ἐμοὶ μέλλει φίλον εἶναι· ἀλλʼ ἀκέουσα κάθησο,...

lest all the gods that are in Olympus avail you not against my drawing near, when I put forth upon you my irresistible hands.

The Iliad 2.190–197 Odysseus

δαιμόνιʼ οὔ σε ἔοικε κακὸν ὣς δειδίσσεσθαι, ἀλλʼ αὐτός τε κάθησο καὶ ἄλλους ἵδρυε λαούς· οὐ γάρ πω σάφα οἶσθʼ οἷος νόος Ἀτρεΐωνος· νῦν μὲν πειρᾶται, τάχα δʼ ἴψεται υἷας Ἀχαιῶν. ἐν βουλῇ δʼ οὐ πάντες ἀ...

Good Sir, it beseems not to seek to affright thee as if thou were a coward, but do thou thyself sit thee down, and make the rest of thy people to sit. For thou knowest not yet clearly what is the min...

The Iliad 2.200–206 Odysseus

δαιμόνιʼ ἀτρέμας ἧσο καὶ ἄλλων μῦθον ἄκουε, οἳ σέο φέρτεροί εἰσι, σὺ δʼ ἀπτόλεμος καὶ ἄναλκις οὔτέ ποτʼ ἐν πολέμῳ ἐναρίθμιος οὔτʼ ἐνὶ βουλῇ· οὐ μέν πως πάντες βασιλεύσομεν ἐνθάδʼ Ἀχαιοί· οὐκ ἀγαθὸν πο...

Fellow, sit thou still, and hearken to the words of others that are better men than thou; whereas thou art unwarlike and a weakling, neither to be counted in war nor in counsel. In no wise shall we A...

The Iliad 3.399–412 Helena

δαιμονίη, τί με ταῦτα λιλαίεαι ἠπεροπεύειν; ἦ πῄ με προτέρω πολίων εὖ ναιομενάων ἄξεις, ἢ Φρυγίης ἢ Μῃονίης ἐρατεινῆς, εἴ τίς τοι καὶ κεῖθι φίλος μερόπων ἀνθρώπων· οὕνεκα δὴ νῦν δῖον Ἀλέξανδρον Μενέλα...

Verily thou wilt lead me yet further on to one of the well-peopled cities of Phrygia or lovely Maeonia, if there too there be some one of mortal men who is dear to thee, seeing that now Menelaus hath ...

The Iliad 3.418–427

ὣς ἔφατʼ, ἔδεισεν δʼ Ἑλένη Διὸς ἐκγεγαυῖα, βῆ δὲ κατασχομένη ἑανῷ ἀργῆτι φαεινῷ σιγῇ, πάσας δὲ Τρῳὰς λάθεν· ἦρχε δὲ δαίμων. αἳ δʼ ὅτʼ Ἀλεξάνδροιο δόμον περικαλλέʼ ἵκοντο, ἀμφίπολοι μὲν ἔπειτα θοῶς ἐπὶ...

in silence; and she was unseen of the Trojan women; and the goddess led the way. and set it before the face of Alexander. Thereon Helen sate her down, the daughter of Zeus that beareth the aegis, wit...

The Iliad 4.31–49 Zeus

δαιμονίη τί νύ σε Πρίαμος Πριάμοιό τε παῖδες τόσσα κακὰ ῥέζουσιν, ὅ τʼ ἀσπερχὲς μενεαίνεις Ἰλίου ἐξαλαπάξαι ἐϋκτίμενον πτολίεθρον; εἰ δὲ σύ γʼ εἰσελθοῦσα πύλας καὶ τείχεα μακρὰ ὠμὸν βεβρώθοις Πρίαμον ...

and to devour Priam raw and the sons of Priam and all the Trojans besides, then perchance mightest thou heal thine anger. Do as thy pleasure is; let not this quarrel in time to come be to thee and me ...

The Iliad 5.431–439

ὣς οἳ μὲν τοιαῦτα πρὸς ἀλλήλους ἀγόρευον, Αἰνείᾳ δʼ ἐπόρουσε βοὴν ἀγαθὸς Διομήδης, γιγνώσκων ὅ οἱ αὐτὸς ὑπείρεχε χεῖρας Ἀπόλλων· ἀλλʼ ὅ γʼ ἄρʼ οὐδὲ θεὸν μέγαν ἅζετο, ἵετο δʼ αἰεὶ Αἰνείαν κτεῖναι καὶ ἀ...

to slay Aeneas and strip from him his glorious armour. Thrice then he leapt upon him, furiously fain to slay him, and thrice did Apollo beat back his shining shield. But when for the fourth time he ...

The Iliad 6.326–331 Hector

δαιμόνιʼ οὐ μὲν καλὰ χόλον τόνδʼ ἔνθεο θυμῷ, λαοὶ μὲν φθινύθουσι περὶ πτόλιν αἰπύ τε τεῖχος μαρνάμενοι· σέο δʼ εἵνεκʼ ἀϋτή τε πτόλεμός τε ἄστυ τόδʼ ἀμφιδέδηε· σὺ δʼ ἂν μαχέσαιο καὶ ἄλλῳ, ὅν τινά που μ...

whomso thou shouldest haply see shrinking from hateful war. Nay, then, rouse thee, lest soon the city blaze with consuming fire.

The Iliad 6.407–439 Andromache

δαιμόνιε φθίσει σε τὸ σὸν μένος, οὐδʼ ἐλεαίρεις παῖδά τε νηπίαχον καὶ ἔμʼ ἄμμορον, ἣ τάχα χήρη σεῦ ἔσομαι· τάχα γάρ σε κατακτανέουσιν Ἀχαιοὶ πάντες ἐφορμηθέντες· ἐμοὶ δέ κε κέρδιον εἴη σεῦ ἀφαμαρτούσῃ...

all set upon thee and slay thee. But for me it were better to go down to the grave if I lose thee, for nevermore shall any comfort be mine, when thou hast met thy fate, but only woes. Neither father...

The Iliad 6.486–493 Hector

δαιμονίη μή μοί τι λίην ἀκαχίζεο θυμῷ· οὐ γάρ τίς μʼ ὑπὲρ αἶσαν ἀνὴρ Ἄϊδι προϊάψει· μοῖραν δʼ οὔ τινά φημι πεφυγμένον ἔμμεναι ἀνδρῶν, οὐ κακὸν οὐδὲ μὲν ἐσθλόν, ἐπὴν τὰ πρῶτα γένηται. ἀλλʼ εἰς οἶκον ἰο...

Nay, go thou to the house and busy thyself with thine own tasks, the loom and the distaff, and bid thy handmaids ply their work: but war shall be for men, for all, but most of all for me, of them that...

The Iliad 6.521–529 Hector

δαιμόνιʼ οὐκ ἄν τίς τοι ἀνὴρ ὃς ἐναίσιμος εἴη ἔργον ἀτιμήσειε μάχης, ἐπεὶ ἄλκιμός ἐσσι· ἀλλὰ ἑκὼν μεθιεῖς τε καὶ οὐκ ἐθέλεις· τὸ δʼ ἐμὸν κῆρ ἄχνυται ἐν θυμῷ, ὅθʼ ὑπὲρ σέθεν αἴσχεʼ ἀκούω πρὸς Τρώων, οἳ...

from the lips of the Trojans, who because of thee have grievous toil. But let us go our way; these things we will make good hereafter, if so be Zeus shall grant us to set for the heavenly gods that a...

The Iliad 7.288–302 Hector

Αἶαν ἐπεί τοι δῶκε θεὸς μέγεθός τε βίην τε καὶ πινυτήν, περὶ δʼ ἔγχει Ἀχαιῶν φέρτατός ἐσσι, νῦν μὲν παυσώμεσθα μάχης καὶ δηϊοτῆτος σήμερον· ὕστερον αὖτε μαχησόμεθʼ εἰς ὅ κε δαίμων ἄμμε διακρίνῃ, δώῃ δ...

let us now cease from battle and strife for this day; hereafter shall we fight again until God judge between us, and give victory to one side or the other. Howbeit night is now upon us, and it is wel...

The Iliad 7.368–378 Priam

κέκλυτέ μευ Τρῶες καὶ Δάρδανοι ἠδʼ ἐπίκουροι, ὄφρʼ εἴπω τά με θυμὸς ἐνὶ στήθεσσι κελεύει. νῦν μὲν δόρπον ἕλεσθε κατὰ πτόλιν ὡς τὸ πάρος περ, καὶ φυλακῆς μνήσασθε καὶ ἐγρήγορθε ἕκαστος· ἠῶθεν δʼ Ἰδαῖος...

For this present take ye your supper throughout the city, even as of old, and take heed to keep watch, and be wakeful every man; and at dawn let Idaeus go to the hollow ships to declare to Atreus' son...

The Iliad 7.385–397 Idaeus

Ἀτρεΐδη τε καὶ ἄλλοι ἀριστῆες Παναχαιῶν ἠνώγει Πρίαμός τε καὶ ἄλλοι Τρῶες ἀγαυοὶ εἰπεῖν, αἴ κέ περ ὔμμι φίλον καὶ ἡδὺ γένοιτο, μῦθον Ἀλεξάνδροιο, τοῦ εἵνεκα νεῖκος ὄρωρε· κτήματα μὲν ὅσʼ Ἀλέξανδρος κο...

Son of Atreus, and ye other princes of the hosts of Achaea, Priam and the other lordly Trojans bade me declare to you—if haply it be your wish and your good pleasure—the saying of Alexander, for whose...

The Iliad 8.161–166 Hector

Τυδεΐδη περὶ μέν σε τίον Δαναοὶ ταχύπωλοι ἕδρῃ τε κρέασίν τε ἰδὲ πλείοις δεπάεσσι· νῦν δέ σʼ ἀτιμήσουσι· γυναικὸς ἄρʼ ἀντὶ τέτυξο. ἔρρε κακὴ γλήνη, ἐπεὶ οὐκ εἴξαντος ἐμεῖο πύργων ἡμετέρων ἐπιβήσεαι, ο...

shalt thou mount upon our walls, and carry away our women in thy ships; ere that will I deal thee thy doom.

The Iliad 9.32–49 Diomedes

Ἀτρεΐδη σοὶ πρῶτα μαχήσομαι ἀφραδέοντι, ἣ θέμις ἐστὶν ἄναξ ἀγορῇ· σὺ δὲ μή τι χολωθῇς. ἀλκὴν μέν μοι πρῶτον ὀνείδισας ἐν Δαναοῖσι φὰς ἔμεν ἀπτόλεμον καὶ ἀνάλκιδα· ταῦτα δὲ πάντα ἴσασʼ Ἀργείων ἠμὲν νέο...

and saidst that I was no man of war but a weakling; and all this know the Achaeans both young and old. But as for thee, the son of crooked-counselling Cronos hath endowed thee in divided wise: with t...

The Iliad 9.434–605 Phoinix

εἰ μὲν δὴ νόστόν γε μετὰ φρεσὶ φαίδιμʼ Ἀχιλλεῦ βάλλεαι, οὐδέ τι πάμπαν ἀμύνειν νηυσὶ θοῇσι πῦρ ἐθέλεις ἀΐδηλον, ἐπεὶ χόλος ἔμπεσε θυμῷ, πῶς ἂν ἔπειτʼ ἀπὸ σεῖο φίλον τέκος αὖθι λιποίμην οἶος; σοὶ δέ μʼ...

the purpose of returning, neither art minded at all to ward from the swift ships consuming fire, for that wrath hath fallen upon thy heart; how can I then, dear child, be left here without thee, alone...

The Iliad 11.472–486

ὣς εἰπὼν ὃ μὲν ἦρχʼ, ὃ δʼ ἅμʼ ἕσπετο ἰσόθεος φώς. εὗρον ἔπειτʼ Ὀδυσῆα Διῒ φίλον· ἀμφὶ δʼ ἄρʼ αὐτὸν Τρῶες ἕπονθʼ ὡς εἴ τε δαφοινοὶ θῶες ὄρεσφιν ἀμφʼ ἔλαφον κεραὸν βεβλημένον, ὅν τʼ ἔβαλʼ ἀνὴρ ἰῷ ἀπὸ νε...

about a horned stag that hath been wounded, that a man hath smitten with an arrow from the string; from him the stag hath escaped and fleeth swiftly so long as the blood flows warm and his knees are q...

The Iliad 11.656–803 Nestor

τίπτε τὰρ ὧδʼ Ἀχιλεὺς ὀλοφύρεται υἷας Ἀχαιῶν, ὅσσοι δὴ βέλεσιν βεβλήαται; οὐδέ τι οἶδε πένθεος, ὅσσον ὄρωρε κατὰ στρατόν· οἳ γὰρ ἄριστοι ἐν νηυσὶν κέαται βεβλημένοι οὐτάμενοί τε. βέβληται μὲν ὃ Τυδεΐδ...

Smitten is the son of Tydeus, mighty Diomedes, wounded with spearthrust is Odysseus, famed for his spear, and Agamemnon, and smitten is Eurypylus too with an arrow in the thigh, and this man beside ha...

The Iliad 13.446–454 Idomeneus

Δηΐφοβʼ ἦ ἄρα δή τι ἐΐσκομεν ἄξιον εἶναι τρεῖς ἑνὸς ἀντὶ πεφάσθαι; ἐπεὶ σύ περ εὔχεαι οὕτω. δαιμόνιʼ ἀλλὰ καὶ αὐτὸς ἐναντίον ἵστασʼ ἐμεῖο, ὄφρα ἴδῃ οἷος Ζηνὸς γόνος ἐνθάδʼ ἱκάνω, ὃς πρῶτον Μίνωα τέκε ...

For Zeus at the first begat Minos to be a watcher over Crete, and Minos again got him a son, even the peerless Deucalion, and Deucalion begat me, a lord over many men in wide Crete; and now have the s...

The Iliad 15.399–404 Patroclus

Εὐρύπυλʼ οὐκ ἔτι τοι δύναμαι χατέοντί περʼ ἔμπης ἐνθάδε παρμενέμεν· δὴ γὰρ μέγα νεῖκος ὄρωρεν· ἀλλὰ σὲ μὲν θεράπων ποτιτερπέτω, αὐτὰρ ἔγωγε σπεύσομαι εἰς Ἀχιλῆα, ἵνʼ ὀτρύνω πολεμίζειν. τίς δʼ οἶδʼ εἴ ...

albeit thy need is sore; for lo, a mighty struggle hath arisen. Nay, as for thee, let thy squire bring thee comfort, but I will hasten to Achilles, that I may urge him on to do battle. Who knows but t...

The Iliad 16.691–705

ὅς οἱ καὶ τότε θυμὸν ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ἀνῆκεν. ἔνθα τίνα πρῶτον τίνα δʼ ὕστατον ἐξενάριξας Πατρόκλεις, ὅτε δή σε θεοὶ θάνατον δὲ κάλεσσαν; Ἄδρηστον μὲν πρῶτα καὶ Αὐτόνοον καὶ Ἔχεκλον καὶ Πέριμον Μεγάδην κ...

and Perimus, son of Megas, and Epistor, and Melanippus, and thereafter Elasus, and Mulius, and Pylartes: these he slew, and the others bethought them each man of flight. had not Phoebus Apollo taken h...

The Iliad 16.781–795

ἐκ μὲν Κεβριόνην βελέων ἥρωα ἔρυσσαν Τρώων ἐξ ἐνοπῆς, καὶ ἀπʼ ὤμων τεύχεʼ ἕλοντο, Πάτροκλος δὲ Τρωσὶ κακὰ φρονέων ἐνόρουσε. τρὶς μὲν ἔπειτʼ ἐπόρουσε θοῷ ἀτάλαντος Ἄρηϊ σμερδαλέα ἰάχων, τρὶς δʼ ἐννέα φ...

crying a terrible cry, and thrice he slew nine men. But when for the fourth time he rushed on, like a god, then for thee, Patroclus, did the end of life appear; for Phoebus met thee in the fierce conf...

The Iliad 17.91–105 Menelaus

ὤ μοι ἐγὼν εἰ μέν κε λίπω κάτα τεύχεα καλὰ Πάτροκλόν θʼ, ὃς κεῖται ἐμῆς ἕνεκʼ ἐνθάδε τιμῆς, μή τίς μοι Δαναῶν νεμεσήσεται ὅς κεν ἴδηται. εἰ δέ κεν Ἕκτορι μοῦνος ἐὼν καὶ Τρωσὶ μάχωμαι αἰδεσθείς, μή πώς...

I fear lest haply they beset me round about, many against one; for all the Trojans is Hector of the flashing helm leading hitherward. But why doth my heart thus hold converse with me? Whenso a warrior...

The Iliad 20.438–448

ἦ ῥα, καὶ ἀμπεπαλὼν προΐει δόρυ, καὶ τό γʼ Ἀθήνη πνοιῇ Ἀχιλλῆος πάλιν ἔτραπε κυδαλίμοιο ἦκα μάλα ψύξασα· τὸ δʼ ἂψ ἵκεθʼ Ἕκτορα δῖον, αὐτοῦ δὲ προπάροιθε ποδῶν πέσεν. αὐτὰρ Ἀχιλλεὺς ἐμμεμαὼς ἐπόρουσε κ...

breathing full lightly; and it came back to goodly Hector, and fell there before his feet. But Achilles leapt upon him furiously, fain to slay him, crying a terrible cry. But Apollo snatched up Hector...

The Iliad 21.227–228

ὣς εἰπὼν Τρώεσσιν ἐπέσσυτο δαίμονι ἶσος· καὶ τότʼ Ἀπόλλωνα προσέφη ποταμὸς βαθυδίνης·

The Iliad 24.194–199 Priam

δαιμονίη Διόθεν μοι Ὀλύμπιος ἄγγελος ἦλθε λύσασθαι φίλον υἱὸν ἰόντʼ ἐπὶ νῆας Ἀχαιῶν, δῶρα δʼ Ἀχιλλῆϊ φερέμεν τά κε θυμὸν ἰήνῃ. ἀλλʼ ἄγε μοι τόδε εἰπὲ τί τοι φρεσὶν εἴδεται εἶναι; αἰνῶς γάρ μʼ αὐτόν γε...

that I go to the ships of the Achaeans to ransom my dear son, and that I bear gifts to Achilles which shall make glad his heart. But come, tell me this, how seemeth it to thy mind? For as touching min...

The Odyssey 2.130–145 Telemachus

Ἀντίνοʼ, οὔ πως ἔστι δόμων ἀέκουσαν ἀπῶσαι ἥ μʼ ἔτεχʼ, ἥ μʼ ἔθρεψε· πατὴρ δʼ ἐμὸς ἄλλοθι γαίης, ζώει ὅ γʼ ἦ τέθνηκε· κακὸν δέ με πόλλʼ ἀποτίνειν Ἰκαρίῳ, αἴ κʼ αὐτὸς ἑκὼν ἀπὸ μητέρα πέμψω. ἐκ γὰρ τοῦ π...

“Antinous, in no wise may I thrust forth from the house against her will her that bore me and reared me; and, as for my father, he is in some other land, whether he be alive or dead. An evil thing it ...

The Odyssey 4.266–289 Menelaus

ναὶ δὴ ταῦτά γε πάντα, γύναι, κατὰ μοῖραν ἔειπες. ἤδη μὲν πολέων ἐδάην βουλήν τε νόον τε ἀνδρῶν ἡρώων, πολλὴν δʼ ἐπελήλυθα γαῖαν· ἀλλʼ οὔ πω τοιοῦτον ἐγὼν ἴδον ὀφθαλμοῖσιν, οἷoν Ὀδυσσῆος ταλασίφρονος ...

as was Odysseus of the steadfast heart. What a thing was this, too, which that mighty man wrought and endured in the carven horse, wherein all we chiefs of the Argives were sitting, bearing to the Tro...

The Odyssey 4.774–777 Antinous

δαιμόνιοι, μύθους μὲν ὑπερφιάλους ἀλέασθε πάντας ὁμῶς, μή πού τις ἀπαγγείλῃσι καὶ εἴσω. ἀλλʼ ἄγε σιγῇ τοῖον ἀναστάντες τελέωμεν μῦθον, ὃ δὴ καὶ πᾶσιν ἐνὶ φρεσὶν ἤραρεν ἡμῖν.

of every kind alike, lest someone report your speech even within the house. Nay come, in silence thus let us arise and put into effect our plan which pleased us one and all at heart.” So he spoke,...

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Explore daimon in the texts

263 passages across Homer, Hesiod, Pindar, and the New Testament contain daimon.

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