δαμάζω
damazo
To subdue, to tame — the breaking of resistance
Etymology
From PIE *demh₂- ("to tame"). In Homer, damazo describes what war, sleep, love, and death do to mortals — forces that overcome the will. A hero is "subdued" (δαμάσθη) when his vessel can no longer resist.
Why damazo matters
Damazō names what war, sleep, love, and death share as a category of action: each subdues by overcoming the animate resistance of a living creature. The Homeric formula δάμη ὑπό (was brought low beneath) recurs across battlefield deaths, the taming of horses, and the surrender of the body to sleep, collapsing these domains into a single ontological event, the yielding of tension. What distinguishes damazō from mere defeat is the irreversibility of the yielding: a tamed horse does not un-tame, a slain warrior does not rise. Eros damazei (love subdues) carries the same grammar, which is why erotic surrender in archaic Greek is structurally identical to death — both require the self to stop holding its own ground.
damazo in the corpus
Grammatical voice
When damazo appears in the middle voice, the subject acts upon or for itself — the grammatical home of interiority.
Which characters in Homer use damazo most?
Related terms
Distribution by work
Key passages
Showing 30 of 77 passages containing δαμάζω.
ἤλυθες ἐκ πολέμου· ὡς ὤφελες αὐτόθʼ ὀλέσθαι ἀνδρὶ δαμεὶς κρατερῷ, ὃς ἐμὸς πρότερος πόσις ἦεν. ἦ μὲν δὴ πρίν γʼ εὔχεʼ ἀρηϊφίλου Μενελάου σῇ τε βίῃ καὶ χερσὶ καὶ ἔγχεϊ φέρτερος εἶναι· ἀλλʼ ἴθι νῦν προκά...
Verily it was thy boast aforetime that thou wast a better man than Menelaus, dear to Ares, in the might of thy hands and with thy spear. But go now, challenge Menelaus, dear to Ares, again to do batt...
ὣς ἔφατʼ εὐχόμενος· τὸν δʼ οὐ βέλος ὠκὺ δάμασσεν, ἀλλʼ ἀναχωρήσας πρόσθʼ ἵπποιιν καὶ ὄχεσφιν ἔστη, καὶ Σθένελον προσέφη Καπανήϊον υἱόν·
ἐκ δὲ Διοκλῆος διδυμάονε παῖδε γενέσθην, Κρήθων Ὀρσίλοχός τε μάχης εὖ εἰδότε πάσης. τὼ μὲν ἄρʼ ἡβήσαντε μελαινάων ἐπὶ νηῶν Ἴλιον εἰς εὔπωλον ἅμʼ Ἀργείοισιν ἑπέσθην, τιμὴν Ἀτρεΐδῃς Ἀγαμέμνονι καὶ Μενελ...
Now when the twain had reached manhood, they followed with the Argives on the black ships to Ilios famed for its horses, seeking to win recompense for the sons of Atreus, Agamemnon and Menelaus; but t...
Τυδεΐδη μεγάθυμε τί ἢ γενεὴν ἐρεείνεις; οἵη περ φύλλων γενεὴ τοίη δὲ καὶ ἀνδρῶν. φύλλα τὰ μέν τʼ ἄνεμος χαμάδις χέει, ἄλλα δέ θʼ ὕλη τηλεθόωσα φύει, ἔαρος δʼ ἐπιγίγνεται ὥρη· ὣς ἀνδρῶν γενεὴ ἣ μὲν φύε...
Great-souled son of Tydeus, wherefore inquirest thou of my lineage? Even as are the generations of leaves, such are those also of men. As for the leaves, the wind scattereth some upon the earth, but ...
εἰ μὲν δὴ νόστόν γε μετὰ φρεσὶ φαίδιμʼ Ἀχιλλεῦ βάλλεαι, οὐδέ τι πάμπαν ἀμύνειν νηυσὶ θοῇσι πῦρ ἐθέλεις ἀΐδηλον, ἐπεὶ χόλος ἔμπεσε θυμῷ, πῶς ἂν ἔπειτʼ ἀπὸ σεῖο φίλον τέκος αὖθι λιποίμην οἶος; σοὶ δέ μʼ...
the purpose of returning, neither art minded at all to ward from the swift ships consuming fire, for that wrath hath fallen upon thy heart; how can I then, dear child, be left here without thee, alone...
μὴ δή μοι φύξίν γε Δόλων ἐμβάλλεο θυμῷ· ἐσθλά περ ἀγγείλας, ἐπεὶ ἵκεο χεῖρας ἐς ἁμάς. εἰ μὲν γάρ κέ σε νῦν ἀπολύσομεν ἠὲ μεθῶμεν, ἦ τε καὶ ὕστερον εἶσθα θοὰς ἐπὶ νῆας Ἀχαιῶν ἠὲ διοπτεύσων ἢ ἐναντίβιον...
yet even hereafter wilt thou come to the swift ships of the Achaeans, either to spy upon us, or to fight in open combat; but if, subdued beneath my hands, thou lose thy life, never again wilt thou pro...
κεκλόμενοι ἑτάροισι κατὰ στίχας· ἐν δʼ Ἀγαμέμνων πρῶτος ὄρουσʼ, ἕλε δʼ ἄνδρα Βιάνορα ποιμένα λαῶν αὐτόν, ἔπειτα δʼ ἑταῖρον Ὀϊλῆα πλήξιππον. ἤτοι ὅ γʼ ἐξ ἵππων κατεπάλμενος ἀντίος ἔστη· τὸν δʼ ἰθὺς μεμ...
but even as he rushed straight upon him the king smote him on the forehead with his sharp spear, nor was the spear stayed by his helm, heavy with bronze, but passed through it and through the bone, an...
ὣς εἰπὼν ὃ μὲν ἦρχʼ, ὃ δʼ ἅμʼ ἕσπετο ἰσόθεος φώς. εὗρον ἔπειτʼ Ὀδυσῆα Διῒ φίλον· ἀμφὶ δʼ ἄρʼ αὐτὸν Τρῶες ἕπονθʼ ὡς εἴ τε δαφοινοὶ θῶες ὄρεσφιν ἀμφʼ ἔλαφον κεραὸν βεβλημένον, ὅν τʼ ἔβαλʼ ἀνὴρ ἰῷ ἀπὸ νε...
about a horned stag that hath been wounded, that a man hath smitten with an arrow from the string; from him the stag hath escaped and fleeth swiftly so long as the blood flows warm and his knees are q...
αὖτις δʼ ἠϊόνα μεγάλην ψαμάθοισι κάλυψε τεῖχος ἀμαλδύνας· ποταμοὺς δʼ ἔτρεψε νέεσθαι κὰρ ῥόον, ᾗ περ πρόσθεν ἵεν καλλίρροον ὕδωρ. ὣς ἄρʼ ἔμελλον ὄπισθε Ποσειδάων καὶ Ἀπόλλων θησέμεναι· τότε δʼ ἀμφὶ μά...
but then war and the din of war blazed about the well-builded wall, and the beams of the towers rang, as they were smitten; and the Argives, conquered by the scourge of Zeus, were penned by their holl...
ὣς ἔφατʼ, οὐδὲ Διὸς πεῖθε φρένα ταῦτʼ ἀγορεύων· Ἕκτορι γάρ οἱ θυμὸς ἐβούλετο κῦδος ὀρέξαι. ἄλλοι δʼ ἀμφʼ ἄλλῃσι μάχην ἐμάχοντο πύλῃσιν· ἀργαλέον δέ με ταῦτα θεὸν ὣς πάντʼ ἀγορεῦσαι· πάντῃ γὰρ περὶ τεῖ...
But others were fighting in battle about the other gates, and hard were it for me, as though I were a god, to tell the tale of all these things, for everywhere about the wall of stone rose the wondrou...
κάλλεϊ καὶ ἔργοισιν ἰδὲ φρεσί· τοὔνεκα καί μιν γῆμεν ἀνὴρ ὤριστος ἐνὶ Τροίῃ εὐρείῃ· τὸν τόθʼ ὑπʼ Ἰδομενῆϊ Ποσειδάων ἐδάμασσε θέλξας ὄσσε φαεινά, πέδησε δὲ φαίδιμα γυῖα· οὔτε γὰρ ἐξοπίσω φυγέειν δύνατʼ...
for he cast a spell upon his bright eyes and ensnared his glorious limbs that he might nowise flee backwards nor avoid the spear; but as he stood fixed, even as a pillar or a tree, high and leafy, the...
αὖτις δʼ ἐξοπίσω πλῆτο χθονί, τὼ δέ οἱ ὄσσε νὺξ ἐκάλυψε μέλαινα· βέλος δʼ ἔτι θυμὸν ἐδάμνα. Ἀργεῖοι δʼ ὡς οὖν ἴδον Ἕκτορα νόσφι κιόντα μᾶλλον ἐπὶ Τρώεσσι θόρον, μνήσαντο δὲ χάρμης. ἔνθα πολὺ πρώτιστος...
But when the Argives saw Hector withdrawing, they leapt yet the more upon the Trojans, and bethought them of battle. Then far the first did swift Aias, son of Oïleus, leap upon Satnius and wound him w...
Ἀργεῖοι ἰόμωροι ἀπειλάων ἀκόρητοι οὔ θην οἴοισίν γε πόνος τʼ ἔσεται καὶ ὀϊζὺς ἡμῖν, ἀλλά ποθʼ ὧδε κατακτενέεσθε καὶ ὔμμες. φράζεσθʼ ὡς ὑμῖν Πρόμαχος δεδμημένος εὕδει ἔγχει ἐμῷ, ἵνα μή τι κασιγνήτοιό γ...
not for us alone, look you, shall there be toil and woe, but even in like manner shall ye too be slain. Mark how your Promachus sleepeth, vanquished by my spear, to the end that the blood-price of my ...
ὦ πέπον ἀλλὰ βιὸν μὲν ἔα καὶ ταρφέας ἰοὺς κεῖσθαι, ἐπεὶ συνέχευε θεὸς Δαναοῖσι μεγήρας· αὐτὰρ χερσὶν ἑλὼν δολιχὸν δόρυ καὶ σάκος ὤμῳ μάρναό τε Τρώεσσι καὶ ἄλλους ὄρνυθι λαούς. μὴ μὰν ἀσπουδί γε δαμασσ...
and do battle with the Trojans, and urge on the rest of the folk. Verily not without a struggle, for all they have overpowered us, shall they take our well-benched ships; nay, let us bethink us of bat...
ὣς οἳ μὲν τοιαῦτα πρὸς ἀλλήλους ἀγόρευον, Αἴας δʼ οὐκ ἔτʼ ἔμιμνε· βιάζετο γὰρ βελέεσσι· δάμνα μιν Ζηνός τε νόος καὶ Τρῶες ἀγαυοὶ βάλλοντες· δεινὴν δὲ περὶ κροτάφοισι φαεινὴ πήληξ βαλλομένη καναχὴν ἔχε...
ring continually, as it was smitten, for smitten it ever was upon the well-wrought cheek-pieces, and his left shoulder grew weary as he ever firmly held his flashing shield; nor might they beat it bac...
Ἀντιλόχῳ ἐπόρουσε κασιγνήτοιο χολωθεὶς στὰς πρόσθεν νέκυος· τοῦ δʼ ἀντίθεος Θρασυμήδης ἔφθη ὀρεξάμενος πρὶν οὐτάσαι, οὐδʼ ἀφάμαρτεν, ὦμον ἄφαρ· πρυμνὸν δὲ βραχίονα δουρὸς ἀκωκὴ δρύψʼ ἀπὸ μυώνων, ἀπὸ δ...
rushed upon Antilochus with his spear, wroth for his brother's sake, and took his stand before the dead; howbeit godlike Thrasymedes was too quick for him, and forthwith ere his foe could thrust, smot...
Ἕκτορ νῦν δὴ πάγχυ λελασμένος εἰς ἐπικούρων, οἳ σέθεν εἵνεκα τῆλε φίλων καὶ πατρίδος αἴης θυμὸν ἀποφθινύθουσι· σὺ δʼ οὐκ ἐθέλεις ἐπαμύνειν. κεῖται Σαρπηδὼν Λυκίων ἀγὸς ἀσπιστάων, ὃς Λυκίην εἴρυτο δίκῃ...
are wasting their lives away, yet thou carest not to aid them. Low lies Sarpedon, leader of the Lycian shieldmen, he that guarded Lycia by his judgments and his might. Him hath brazen Ares laid low be...
πρῶτʼ ἐλθὼν σὺν ὄχεσφι διδασκόμενος πολέμοιο· ὅς τοι πρῶτος ἐφῆκε βέλος Πατρόκλεες ἱππεῦ οὐδὲ δάμασσʼ· ὃ μὲν αὖτις ἀνέδραμε, μίκτο δʼ ὁμίλῳ, ἐκ χροὸς ἁρπάξας δόρυ μείλινον, οὐδʼ ὑπέμεινε Πάτροκλον γυμ...
Patroclus, unarmed though he was, in the fray. But Patroclus, overcome by the stroke of the god and by the spear, drew back into the throng of his comrades, avoiding fate. came nigh him through the ra...
πολλὰ δέ τʼ ἀσθμαίνοντα λέων ἐδάμασσε βίηφιν· ὣς πολέας πεφνόντα Μενοιτίου ἄλκιμον υἱὸν Ἕκτωρ Πριαμίδης σχεδὸν ἔγχεϊ θυμὸν ἀπηύρα, καί οἱ ἐπευχόμενος ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα·
ὦ φίλοι, εἰ καὶ μοῖρα παρʼ ἀνέρι τῷδε δαμῆναι πάντας ὁμῶς, μή πώ τις ἐρωείτω πολέμοιο.
αὐτίκα τεθναίην, ἐπεὶ οὐκ ἄρʼ ἔμελλον ἑταίρῳ κτεινομένῳ ἐπαμῦναι· ὃ μὲν μάλα τηλόθι πάτρης ἔφθιτʼ, ἐμεῖο δὲ δῆσεν ἀρῆς ἀλκτῆρα γενέσθαι. νῦν δʼ ἐπεὶ οὐ νέομαί γε φίλην ἐς πατρίδα γαῖαν, οὐδέ τι Πατρόκ...
hath he fallen, and had need of me to be a warder off of ruin. Now therefore, seeing I return not to my dear native land, neither proved anywise a light of deliverance to Patroclus nor to my other com...
Ἥφαιστʼ, ἦ ἄρα δή τις, ὅσαι θεαί εἰσʼ ἐν Ὀλύμπῳ, τοσσάδʼ ἐνὶ φρεσὶν ᾗσιν ἀνέσχετο κήδεα λυγρὰ ὅσσʼ ἐμοὶ ἐκ πασέων Κρονίδης Ζεὺς ἄλγεʼ ἔδωκεν; ἐκ μέν μʼ ἀλλάων ἁλιάων ἀνδρὶ δάμασσεν Αἰακίδῃ Πηλῆϊ, καὶ ...
that hath endured so many grievous woes in her heart as are the sorrows that Zeus, son of Cronos, hath given me beyond all others? Of all the daughters of the sea he subdued me alone to a mortal, even...
Ἀτρεΐδη κύδιστε ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν Ἀγάμεμνον ἄλλοτέ περ καὶ μᾶλλον ὀφέλλετε ταῦτα πένεσθαι, ὁππότε τις μεταπαυσωλὴ πολέμοιο γένηται καὶ μένος οὐ τόσον ᾖσιν ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ἐμοῖσι. νῦν δʼ οἳ μὲν κέαται δεδαϊγμέ...
at some other time were it e'en better that ye be busied thus, when haply there shall come between some pause in war, and the fury in my breast be not so great. Now are they lying mangled, they that H...
Πριαμίδη τί με ταῦτα καὶ οὐκ ἐθέλοντα κελεύεις ἀντία Πηλεΐωνος ὑπερθύμοιο μάχεσθαι; οὐ μὲν γὰρ νῦν πρῶτα ποδώκεος ἄντʼ Ἀχιλῆος στήσομαι, ἀλλʼ ἤδη με καὶ ἄλλοτε δουρὶ φόβησεν ἐξ Ἴδης, ὅτε βουσὶν ἐπήλυθ...
Not now for the first time shall I stand forth against swift-footed Achilles; nay, once ere now he drave me with his spear from Ida, when he had come forth against our kine, and laid Lyrnessus waste a...
ὣς ἔφατʼ εὐχόμενος, τὸν δὲ σκότος ὄσσε κάλυψε. τὸν μὲν Ἀχαιῶν ἵπποι ἐπισσώτροις δατέοντο πρώτῃ ἐν ὑσμίνῃ· ὃ δʼ ἐπʼ αὐτῷ Δημολέοντα ἐσθλὸν ἀλεξητῆρα μάχης Ἀντήνορος υἱὸν νύξε κατὰ κρόταφον, κυνέης διὰ ...
with their tires in the forefront of the fray, and over him Demoleon, Antenor's son, a valiant warder of battle, did Achilles pierce in the temple through the helmet with cheek-pieces of bronze. Nor d...
Πηλεΐδη μήτʼ ἄρ τι λίην τρέε μήτέ τι τάρβει· τοίω γάρ τοι νῶϊ θεῶν ἐπιταρρόθω εἰμὲν Ζηνὸς ἐπαινήσαντος ἐγὼ καὶ Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη· ὡς οὔ τοι ποταμῷ γε δαμήμεναι αἴσιμόν ἐστιν, ἀλλʼ ὅδε μὲν τάχα λωφήσει, σὺ ...
and Zeus approveth thereof —even I and Pallas Athene. Therefore is it not thy doom to be vanquished by a river; nay, he shall soon give respite, and thou of thyself shalt know it. But we will give the...
ὣς ἔφαθʼ, Ἥφαιστος δὲ κατέσβεσε θεσπιδαὲς πῦρ, ἄψορρον δʼ ἄρα κῦμα κατέσσυτο καλὰ ῥέεθρα. αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ Ξάνθοιο δάμη μένος, οἳ μὲν ἔπειτα παυσάσθην, Ἥρη γὰρ ἐρύκακε χωομένη περ· ἐν δʼ ἄλλοισι θεοῖσιν ἔρι...
but upon the other gods fell strife heavy and grievous, and in diverse ways the spirit in their breasts was blown. Together then they clashed with a mighty din and the wide earth rang, and round about...
τοιγὰρ ἐγώ τοι, τέκνον, ἀληθέα πάντʼ ἀγορεύσω. ἦ τοι μὲν τάδε καὐτὸς ὀίεαι, ὥς κεν ἐτύχθη, εἰ ζωόν γʼ Αἴγισθον ἐνὶ μεγάροισιν ἔτετμεν Ἀτρεΐδης Τροίηθεν ἰών, ξανθὸς Μενέλαος· τῶ κέ οἱ οὐδὲ θανόντι χυτὴ...
Lo, of thine own self thou dost guess how this matter would have fallen out, if the son of Atreus, fair-haired Menelaus, on his return from Troy had found Aegisthus in his halls alive. Then for him no...
πὰρʼ δʼ ἄρʼ ἐυμμελίην Πεισίστρατον, ὄρχαμον ἀνδρῶν, ὅς οἱ ἔτʼ ἠίθεος παίδων ἦν ἐν μεγάροισιν· αὐτὸς δʼ αὖτε καθεῦδε μυχῷ δόμου ὑψηλοῖο, τῷ δʼ ἄλοχος δέσποινα λέχος πόρσυνε καὶ εὐνήν. ἦμος δʼ ἠριγένεια...
and by him Peisistratus, of the good ashen spear, a leader of men, who among his sons was still unwed in the palace. But he himself slept in the inmost chamber of the lofty house, and beside him lay t...
Ἀτρεΐδη Μενέλαε διοτρεφὲς ἠδὲ καὶ οἵδε ἀνδρῶν ἐσθλῶν παῖδες· ἀτὰρ θεὸς ἄλλοτε ἄλλῳ Ζεὺς ἀγαθόν τε κακόν τε διδοῖ· δύναται γὰρ ἅπαντα· ἦ τοι νῦν δαίνυσθε καθήμενοι ἐν μεγάροισι καὶ μύθοις τέρπεσθε· ἐοι...
“Menelaus, son of Atreus, fostered of Zeus, and ye that are here, sons of noble men—though now to one and now to another Zeus gives good and ill, for he can do all things,—now verily sit ye in the hal...
Explore damazo in the texts
77 passages across Homer, Hesiod, Pindar, and the New Testament contain damazo.
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