στῆθος
stethos
Chest, the physical cavity containing the soul organs
Etymology
The outer shell of the interior system. Where Odysseus strikes to discipline his kradie (Od. 20.17). The stethos is architecture — the walls of the container that holds thumos, phren, kradie, and noos.
Why stethos matters
Stethos is unique among the Homeric psychic vocabulary in being an anatomical container rather than a named faculty: it houses the phrenes, the kradie, and the thymos without itself being a seat of activity. Its one famous moment of agency — Odysseus striking his own stethos at Od. 20.17 — is precisely an act of external self-discipline, the hand correcting the body's outer wall to govern what churns within. The stethos thus marks the boundary where the interior psychological system becomes visible and accessible to intervention from outside.
stethos in the corpus
Which characters in Homer use stethos most?
Related terms
Distribution by work
Key passages
Showing 30 of 101 passages containing στῆθος.
ὣς φάτο, τοῖσι δὲ θυμὸν ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ὄρινε πᾶσι μετὰ πληθὺν ὅσοι οὐ βουλῆς ἐπάκουσαν· κινήθη δʼ ἀγορὴ φὴ κύματα μακρὰ θαλάσσης πόντου Ἰκαρίοιο, τὰ μέν τʼ Εὖρός τε Νότος τε ὤρορʼ ἐπαΐξας πατρὸς Διὸς ἐ...
which the East Wind or the South Wind has raised, rushing upon them from the clouds of father Zeus. And even as when the West Wind at its coming stirreth a deep cornfield with its violent blast, and t...
ἦ μὰν αὖτʼ ἀγορῇ νικᾷς γέρον υἷας Ἀχαιῶν. αἲ γὰρ Ζεῦ τε πάτερ καὶ Ἀθηναίη καὶ Ἄπολλον τοιοῦτοι δέκα μοι συμφράδμονες εἶεν Ἀχαιῶν· τώ κε τάχʼ ἠμύσειε πόλις Πριάμοιο ἄνακτος χερσὶν ὑφʼ ἡμετέρῃσιν ἁλοῦσά...
Aye verily once more, old sir, art thou pre-eminent in speech above the sons of the Achaeans. I would, O father Zeus and Athene and Apollo, that I had ten such counsellors; then would the city of king...
Ἕκτορ ἐπεί με κατʼ αἶσαν ἐνείκεσας οὐδʼ ὑπὲρ αἶσαν· αἰεί τοι κραδίη πέλεκυς ὥς ἐστιν ἀτειρὴς ὅς τʼ εἶσιν διὰ δουρὸς ὑπʼ ἀνέρος ὅς ῥά τε τέχνῃ νήϊον ἐκτάμνῃσιν, ὀφέλλει δʼ ἀνδρὸς ἐρωήν· ὣς σοὶ ἐνὶ στήθ...
ever is thy heart unyielding, even as an axe that is driven through a beam by the hand of man that skilfully shapeth a ship's timber, and it maketh the force of his blow to wax; even so is the heart i...
ὦ γύναι ἦ μάλα τοῦτο ἔπος νημερτὲς ἔειπες· ἤδη γὰρ καὶ δεῦρό ποτʼ ἤλυθε δῖος Ὀδυσσεὺς σεῦ ἕνεκʼ ἀγγελίης σὺν ἀρηϊφίλῳ Μενελάῳ· τοὺς δʼ ἐγὼ ἐξείνισσα καὶ ἐν μεγάροισι φίλησα, ἀμφοτέρων δὲ φυὴν ἐδάην κα...
for erstwhile on a time goodly Odysseus came hither also on an embassy concerning thee, together with Menelaus, dear to Ares; and it was I that gave them entertainment and welcomed them in my halls, a...
ὣς ἄρʼ ἔφαν, πάλλεν δὲ μέγας κορυθαίολος Ἕκτωρ ἂψ ὁρόων· Πάριος δὲ θοῶς ἐκ κλῆρος ὄρουσεν. οἳ μὲν ἔπειθʼ ἵζοντο κατὰ στίχας, ἧχι ἑκάστῳ ἵπποι ἀερσίποδες καὶ ποικίλα τεύχεʼ ἔκειτο· αὐτὰρ ὅ γʼ ἀμφʼ ὤμοι...
looking behind him the while; and straightway the lot of Paris leapt forth. Then the people sate them down in ranks, where were each man's high-stepping horses, and his inlaid armour was set. But goo...
ὣς φάτο, τῇ δʼ ἄρα θυμὸν ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ὄρινε· καί ῥʼ ὡς οὖν ἐνόησε θεᾶς περικαλλέα δειρὴν στήθεά θʼ ἱμερόεντα καὶ ὄμματα μαρμαίροντα, θάμβησέν τʼ ἄρʼ ἔπειτα ἔπος τʼ ἔφατʼ ἔκ τʼ ὀνόμαζε·
So spake she, and stirred Helen's heart in her breast; and when she marked the beauteous neck of the goddess, her lovely bosom, and her flashing eyes, then amazement seized her, and she spake, and add...
ὣς ἔφαθʼ, αἳ δʼ ἐπέμυξαν Ἀθηναίη τε καὶ Ἥρη· πλησίαι αἵ γʼ ἥσθην, κακὰ δὲ Τρώεσσι μεδέσθην. ἤτοι Ἀθηναίη ἀκέων ἦν οὐδέ τι εἶπε σκυζομένη Διὶ πατρί, χόλος δέ μιν ἄγριος ᾕρει· Ἥρῃ δʼ οὐκ ἔχαδε στῆθος χό...
So spake he, and thereat Athene and Hera murmured, who sat side by side, and were devising ills for the Trojans. Athene verily held her peace and said naught, wroth though she was at father Zeus, a...
ὣς φάτο, τῷ δʼ ἄρα θυμὸν ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ὄρινε· βὰν δʼ ἰέναι καθʼ ὅμιλον ἀνὰ στρατὸν εὐρὺν Ἀχαιῶν. ἀλλʼ ὅτε δή ῥʼ ἵκανον ὅθι ξανθὸς Μενέλαος βλήμενος ἦν, περὶ δʼ αὐτὸν ἀγηγέραθʼ ὅσσοι ἄριστοι κυκλόσʼ, ὃ...
wounded, and around him were gathered in a circle all they that were chieftains, the godlike hero came and stood in their midst, and straightway drew forth the arrow from the clasped belt; and as it w...
ὦ γέρον εἴθʼ ὡς θυμὸς ἐνὶ στήθεσσι φίλοισιν ὥς τοι γούναθʼ ἕποιτο, βίη δέ τοι ἔμπεδος εἴη· ἀλλά σε γῆρας τείρει ὁμοίϊον· ὡς ὄφελέν τις ἀνδρῶν ἄλλος ἔχειν, σὺ δὲ κουροτέροισι μετεῖναι.
But evil177.1 old age presseth hard upon thee; would that some other among the warriors had thy years, and that thou wert among the youths.
διογενὲς Λαερτιάδη πολυμήχανʼ Ὀδυσσεῦ οὔτέ σε νεικείω περιώσιον οὔτε κελεύω· οἶδα γὰρ ὥς τοι θυμὸς ἐνὶ στήθεσσι φίλοισιν ἤπια δήνεα οἶδε· τὰ γὰρ φρονέεις ἅ τʼ ἐγώ περ. ἀλλʼ ἴθι ταῦτα δʼ ὄπισθεν ἀρεσσό...
for I know that the heart in thy breast knoweth kindly thoughts, seeing thou art minded even as I am. Nay, come, these things will we make good hereafter, if any harsh word hath been spoken now; and ...
ἦ ῥα καὶ ἐξ ὀχέων σὺν τεύχεσιν ἆλτο χαμᾶζε· δεινὸν δʼ ἔβραχε χαλκὸς ἐπὶ στήθεσσιν ἄνακτος ὀρνυμένου· ὑπό κεν ταλασίφρονά περ δέος εἷλεν. ὡς δʼ ὅτʼ ἐν αἰγιαλῷ πολυηχέϊ κῦμα θαλάσσης ὄρνυτʼ ἐπασσύτερον ...
and terribly rang the bronze upon the breast of the prince as he moved; thereat might terror have seized even one that was steadfast of heart. As when on a sounding beach the swell of the sea beats, w...
ἔπλεθʼ ὑπʼ Αἴαντος μεγαθύμου δουρὶ δαμέντι. πρῶτον γάρ μιν ἰόντα βάλε στῆθος παρὰ μαζὸν δεξιόν· ἀντικρὺ δὲ διʼ ὤμου χάλκεον ἔγχος ἦλθεν· ὁ δʼ ἐν κονίῃσι χαμαὶ πέσεν αἴγειρος ὣς ἥ ῥά τʼ ἐν εἱαμενῇ ἕλεο...
For, as he strode amid the foremost, he was smitten on the right breast beside the nipple; and clean through his shoulder went the spear of bronze, and he fell to the ground in the dust like a poplar ...
θαρσῶν νῦν Διόμηδες ἐπὶ Τρώεσσι μάχεσθαι· ἐν γάρ τοι στήθεσσι μένος πατρώϊον ἧκα ἄτρομον, οἷον ἔχεσκε σακέσπαλος ἱππότα Τυδεύς· ἀχλὺν δʼ αὖ τοι ἀπʼ ὀφθαλμῶν ἕλον ἣ πρὶν ἐπῆεν, ὄφρʼ εὖ γιγνώσκῃς ἠμὲν θ...
for in thy breast have I put the might of thy father, the dauntless might, such as the horseman Tydeus, wielder of the shield, was wont to have. And the mist moreover have I taken from thine eyes tha...
ὣς φάτο, τῷ δʼ ἄρα θυμὸν ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ἔπειθε· καὶ δή μιν τάχʼ ἔμελλε θοὰς ἐπὶ νῆας Ἀχαιῶν δώσειν ᾧ θεράποντι καταξέμεν· ἀλλʼ Ἀγαμέμνων ἀντίος ἦλθε θέων, καὶ ὁμοκλήσας ἔπος ηὔδα·
ὣς ἔφαθʼ, αἳ δʼ ἐπέμυξαν Ἀθηναίη τε καὶ Ἥρη· πλησίαι αἵ γʼ ἥσθην, κακὰ δὲ Τρώεσσι μεδέσθην. ἤτοι Ἀθηναίη ἀκέων ἦν οὐδέ τι εἶπε σκυζομένη Διὶ πατρί, χόλος δέ μιν ἄγριος ᾕρει· Ἥρῃ δʼ οὐκ ἔχαδε στῆθος χό...
wroth though she was with father Zeus, and fierce anger gat hold of her; howbeit Hera's breast contained not her anger, but she spake to him, saying: Most dread son of Cronos, what a word hast thou sa...
ὣς οἱ μὲν Τρῶες φυλακὰς ἔχον· αὐτὰρ Ἀχαιοὺς θεσπεσίη ἔχε φύζα φόβου κρυόεντος ἑταίρη, πένθεϊ δʼ ἀτλήτῳ βεβολήατο πάντες ἄριστοι. ὡς δʼ ἄνεμοι δύο πόντον ὀρίνετον ἰχθυόεντα Βορέης καὶ Ζέφυρος, τώ τε Θρ...
Thus kept the Trojans watch, but the Achaeans were holden of wondrous Panic, the handmaid of numbing fear and with grief intolerable were all the noblest stricken. Even as two winds stir up the teemi...
εἰ μὲν δὴ νόστόν γε μετὰ φρεσὶ φαίδιμʼ Ἀχιλλεῦ βάλλεαι, οὐδέ τι πάμπαν ἀμύνειν νηυσὶ θοῇσι πῦρ ἐθέλεις ἀΐδηλον, ἐπεὶ χόλος ἔμπεσε θυμῷ, πῶς ἂν ἔπειτʼ ἀπὸ σεῖο φίλον τέκος αὖθι λιποίμην οἶος; σοὶ δέ μʼ...
the purpose of returning, neither art minded at all to ward from the swift ships consuming fire, for that wrath hath fallen upon thy heart; how can I then, dear child, be left here without thee, alone...
διογενὲς Λαερτιάδη πολυμήχανʼ Ὀδυσσεῦ ἴομεν· οὐ γάρ μοι δοκέει μύθοιο τελευτὴ τῇδέ γʼ ὁδῷ κρανέεσθαι· ἀπαγγεῖλαι δὲ τάχιστα χρὴ μῦθον Δαναοῖσι καὶ οὐκ ἀγαθόν περ ἐόντα οἵ που νῦν ἕαται ποτιδέγμενοι. α...
let us go our way, for the fulfillment of the charge laid on us will not methinks be brought to pass by our coming hither; and it behoveth us with speed to declare the message, though it be no wise go...
ὑψόθʼ ἐόντι Διί, μέγα δʼ ἔστενε κυδάλιμον κῆρ. ἥδε δέ οἱ κατὰ θυμὸν ἀρίστη φαίνετο βουλὴ Νέστορʼ ἔπι πρῶτον Νηλήϊον ἐλθέμεν ἀνδρῶν, εἴ τινά οἱ σὺν μῆτιν ἀμύμονα τεκτήναιτο, ἥ τις ἀλεξίκακος πᾶσιν Δανα...
that should be for the warding off of evil from the Danaan host. So he sate him up and did on his tunic about his breast, and beneath his shining feet bound his fair sandals, and thereafter clad him ...
ὣς εἰπὼν ἔνδυνε περὶ στήθεσσι χιτῶνα, ποσσὶ δʼ ὑπὸ λιπαροῖσιν ἐδήσατο καλὰ πέδιλα, ἀμφὶ δʼ ἄρα χλαῖναν περονήσατο φοινικόεσσαν διπλῆν ἐκταδίην, οὔλη δʼ ἐπενήνοθε λάχνη. εἵλετο δʼ ἄλκιμον ἔγχος ἀκαχμέν...
And he grasped a mighty spear, tipped with sharp bronze, and went his way among the ships of the brazen-coated Achaeans. Then Odysseus first, the peer of Zeus in counsel, did the horseman, Nestor of ...
Ἀργείους· ἐν δʼ αὐτὸς ἐδύσετο νώροπα χαλκόν. κνημῖδας μὲν πρῶτα περὶ κνήμῃσιν ἔθηκε καλὰς ἀργυρέοισιν ἐπισφυρίοις ἀραρυίας· δεύτερον αὖ θώρηκα περὶ στήθεσσιν ἔδυνε, τόν ποτέ οἱ Κινύρης δῶκε ξεινήϊον ε...
that on a time Cinyras had given him for a guest-gift. For he heard afar in Cyprus the great rumour that the Achaeans were about to sail forth to Troy in their ships, wherefore he gave him the breast...
ὣς ἔφαθʼ, ἡνίοχος δʼ ἵμασεν καλλίτριχας ἵππους νῆας ἔπι γλαφυράς· τὼ δʼ οὐκ ἀέκοντε πετέσθην· ἄφρεον δὲ στήθεα, ῥαίνοντο δὲ νέρθε κονίῃ τειρόμενον βασιλῆα μάχης ἀπάνευθε φέροντες. Ἕκτωρ δʼ ὡς ἐνόησʼ Ἀ...
So spake he, and the charioteer lashed the fair-maned horses towards the hollow ships, and nothing loath the pair sped onward. With foam were their breasts flecked, and with dust their bellies staine...
ὣς φάτο, τῷ δʼ ἄρα θυμὸν ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ὄρινε, βῆ δὲ θέειν παρὰ νῆας ἐπʼ Αἰακίδην Ἀχιλῆα. ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ κατὰ νῆας Ὀδυσσῆος θείοιο ἷξε θέων Πάτροκλος, ἵνά σφʼ ἀγορή τε θέμις τε ἤην, τῇ δὴ καί σφι θεῶν ἐτε...
and he set out to run along the line of the ships to Achilles, son of Aeacus. But when in his running Patroclus was come to the ships of godlike Odysseus, where was their place of gathering and of th...
Ἀσιάδην τʼ Ἀδάμαντα Θόωνά τε Οἰνόμαόν τε. οἳ δʼ ἤτοι εἷος μὲν ἐϋκνήμιδας Ἀχαιοὺς ὄρνυον ἔνδον ἐόντες ἀμύνεσθαι περὶ νηῶν· αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ δὴ τεῖχος ἐπεσσυμένους ἐνόησαν Τρῶας, ἀτὰρ Δαναῶν γένετο ἰαχή τε φό...
and Adamas, son of Asius, and Thoön and Oenomaus. And the Lapiths for a time from within the wall had been rousing the well-greaved Achaeans to fight in defence of the ships; but when they saw the Tr...
Αἶαν ἐπεί τις νῶϊ θεῶν οἳ Ὄλυμπον ἔχουσι μάντεϊ εἰδόμενος κέλεται παρὰ νηυσὶ μάχεσθαι, οὐδʼ ὅ γε Κάλχας ἐστὶ θεοπρόπος οἰωνιστής· ἴχνια γὰρ μετόπισθε ποδῶν ἠδὲ κνημάων ῥεῖʼ ἔγνων ἀπιόντος· ἀρίγνωτοι δ...
not Calchas is he, the prophet, and reader of omens, for easily did I know the tokens behind him of feet and of legs as he went from us; and plain to be known are the gods —lo, mine own heart also wit...
ὣς εἰπὼν ὃ μὲν αὖτις ἔβη θεὸς ἂμ πόνον ἀνδρῶν· Ἰδομενεὺς δʼ ὅτε δὴ κλισίην εὔτυκτον ἵκανε δύσετο τεύχεα καλὰ περὶ χροΐ, γέντο δὲ δοῦρε, βῆ δʼ ἴμεν ἀστεροπῇ ἐναλίγκιος, ἥν τε Κρονίων χειρὶ λαβὼν ἐτίναξ...
and Idomeneus, as soon as he was come to his well-built hut, did on his fair armour about his body, and grasped two spears, and went his way like the lightning that the son of Cronos seizeth in his ha...
ὣς φάτο, τῷ δʼ ἄρα θυμὸν ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ὄρινε, βῆ δὲ μετʼ Ἰδομενῆα μέγα πτολέμοιο μεμηλώς. ἀλλʼ οὐκ Ἰδομενῆα φόβος λάβε τηλύγετον ὥς, ἀλλʼ ἔμενʼ ὡς ὅτε τις σῦς οὔρεσιν ἀλκὶ πεποιθώς, ὅς τε μένει κολοσυ...
Howbeit terror gat not hold of Idomeneus, as he had been some petted boy, but he abode like a boar in the mountains, that trusteth in his strength, and abideth the great, tumultuous throng of men that...
ὣς ἔφαθʼ, οἳ δʼ ἄρα πάντες ἕνα φρεσὶ θυμὸν ἔχοντες πλησίοι ἔστησαν, σάκεʼ ὤμοισι κλίναντες. Αἰνείας δʼ ἑτέρωθεν ἐκέκλετο οἷς ἑτάροισι Δηΐφοβόν τε Πάριν τʼ ἐσορῶν καὶ Ἀγήνορα δῖον, οἵ οἱ ἅμʼ ἡγεμόνες Τ...
looking unto Deïphobus, and Paris, and goodly Agenor, that with himself were leaders of the Trojans; and after them followed the host, as sheep follow after the ram to water from the place of feeding,...
Θρηϊκίῳ μεγάλῳ, ἀπὸ δὲ τρυφάλειαν ἄραξεν. ἣ μὲν ἀποπλαγχθεῖσα χαμαὶ πέσε, καί τις Ἀχαιῶν μαρναμένων μετὰ ποσσὶ κυλινδομένην ἐκόμισσε· τὸν δὲ κατʼ ὀφθαλμῶν ἐρεβεννὴ νὺξ ἐκάλυψεν. Ἀτρεΐδην δʼ ἄχος εἷλε ...
and down upon the eyes of Deïpyrus came the darkness of night, and enfolded him. But the son of Atreus was seized with grief thereat, even Menelaus, good at the war-cry, and he strode forth with a thr...
οὔτασεν, οὐδὲ διὰ πρὸ δυνήσατο χαλκὸν ἐλάσσαι· ἔσχεθε γὰρ σάκος εὐρύ, κατεκλάσθη δʼ ἐνὶ καυλῷ ἔγχος· ὃ δὲ φρεσὶν ᾗσι χάρη καὶ ἐέλπετο νίκην. Ἀτρεΐδης δὲ ἐρυσσάμενος ξίφος ἀργυρόηλον ἆλτʼ ἐπὶ Πεισάνδρῳ...
But the son of Atreus drew his silver-studded sword, and leapt upon Peisander; and he from beneath his shield grasped a goodly axe of fine bronze, set on a haft of olive-wood, long and well-polished; ...
Explore stethos in the texts
101 passages across Homer, Hesiod, Pindar, and the New Testament contain stethos.
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